How Exchange 2010 message routing works
Inbound
- Email get routed to external SMTP server ( such as Edge server, Barracuda, Postini etc.). This device scans for Virus/Spam and send it Exchange Hub Transport server.
- Hub Transport server scans the message against its rule/policy. If it matches, it takes action as specified in the rule. Once done, it forwards the message to mailbox server role where user resides.
- Mailbox server role process the mail and place it in user’s mailbox
Outbound
- Users use Outlook, OWA or mobile device to send a message.
- Mailbox server role delivers the message to Hub Transport role. It decides where to send the message to. If message is destined for a user in the organization, It sends it to recipient mailbox server.
- If message is destined to external user, it uses DNS to send it out to the internet.

